Connecticut Business Litigation Blog : Connecticut Business Lawyer & Attorney : N. Kane Bennett : Raymond & Bennett Law Firm : Hartford, Middletown, Glastonbury

My firm receives many calls from new or existing businesses with Internet privacy questions.  Many calls come from e-commerce businesses, start ups, or businesses that want to utilize information gathered from users accessing their Web sites. Some business owners have ideas or concepts that test the limit on use of user profiles, preferences, and content.  The question becomes, just what are the limits for user expectations on privacy?

Take Facebook for example.  Facebook has a reported 400 million users.  Facebook is constantly in the headlines over its privacy policies and security settings related to its user's profile information.  Whether it is a class action lawsuit in California  or the recent $10 million settlement for its Beacon program, you can count on Facebook to have dealt with any number of privacy issues in litigation.  

Recently, another lawsuit has been filed over Facebook's "opt out" setting concerning the instant personalization feature.  Wendy Davis on  Online Media Daily reported on the story.  This feature automatically shares user information with three outside companies, Microsoft Docs, Pandora, and Yelp.  The lawsuit was filed in U.S. District Court in Rhode Island for violation of the Stored Communications Act (Download here).  By my count, Facebook has been sued at least 30 times in Federal court in recent years.

In the Internet privacy area, Facebook tests the outer limits of what is acceptable for privacy rights and user expectations.  When Facebook makes a change or tries something new, everyone pays attention.  As a result, Facebook's privacy policies get vetted by 400 million users, numerous industry and trade groups, leading technology blogs like TechCrunch, and even the federal government. 

If you want to know what crosses the line when it comes to privacy on the Internet,  just watch Facebook.   

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I have put together several posts on Connecticut's privacy laws and the potential impacts on small businesses concerning data loss or a security breach.  It is important to point out that Connecticut companies doing business in Massachusetts or with Massachusetts residents must also consider Massachusetts privacy laws.  Tracy Fox, from ForeSite Technologies,  recently commented on the small business study I posted and provided a copy of a checklist for small businesses trying to comply with the relatively new, and complex privacy law framework in Massachusetts.  I will write a more detailed post about the Massachusetts privacy law in the near future.  The checklist is a good starting point.

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On Monday,  I attended the Connecticut Privacy Forum hosted by Travelers.  This Forum was a well attended inaugural meeting of privacy and data security professionals.  I came away from the meeting very impressed with the panel of speakers and topics on the agenda.  I also came away from the meeting as convinced as ever that data loss and security breaches pose a significant risk for nearly all businesses that use computers. 

In one of my earlier posts,  I touched on some of the risks involved for businesses related to data loss and security breaches.  I also offered some potential solutions.  At the Privacy Forum, data loss statistics were presented by the speakers and confirmed that these risks are very real for businesses.  Here is a sample of some of the statistics from 2008 alone:

• 80 million records were compromised
• 580 data loss or breach incidents were reported
• $202 per record was the average cost to business for loss or breach 
• 47% of the incidents involved corporations or businesses
• 33% involved compromised social security numbers 

The speakers also offered some of the solutions for businesses in terms of risk management and planning.  The seminar further included a detailed overview of federal and state laws covering privacy rights and data security.   You can access the presentation materials at ctprivacy.com 

Overall, this was a great event concerning a topic that will continue to be relevant to business litigation in the coming years.  Congratulations to the organizers, David Baker and Peter Bernstein, from Travelers on a well run event!

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As part of this Blog, I am going to regularly post technology tips for any Connecticut business to manage risks and avoid lawsuits. These tips will be based on a presentation I did for the Hartford Business Journal's Etechnology Summit concerning technology bombs that can sink a business.

Here's todays tip for Connecticut businesses to avoid financial loss as a result of datal loss and security breaches.

Implement a Data Loss Policy and Solution

Any business that stores third party information or personal indentifiers (credit card information, social security numbers) on its computer systems faces potential exposure under a host of privacy laws.  For a good resource on privacy laws go to the Privacy Law Blog by Proskauer Rose LLP.  For an example of a new privacy law in Connecticut, consider the"Act Concerning the Confidentiality of Social Security Numbers."  Connecticut's Unfair Trade Practices Act could also be implicated in a data loss case.

Data loss or a security breach can cause a huge financial problem, bad public realtions, and signficant down time.  Consider the recent case of TJX reported on by Sheri Qaulters for the National Law Journal.  Discount retailer TJX had a data breach involving exposure of 45 million credit and debit cards.   TJX entered into various settlements including payment of $9.75 million to 41 states; $30 to every consumer who used a credit or debit card; and an undisclosed settlement with three banks. Ouch.

TJX is an extreme example, but data loss can sink a small to medium sized business.  How can a business mimize its exposure to lawsuits from data loss or security breach?

Implement a data loss policy and solution for your business.   There is no one size fits all policy and solution and every business will have different needs.  If you already have a policy, you should have it reviewed regularly for changes in the law.  If you do not have a policy in place, you need to start somewhere.  For "do it yourselfers" there is the Federal Trade Commision's Guide for Business and Protecting Personal Information.  The FTC's guide is a 5 step plan from identifying your risk exposure to implementing procedures. 

 In addition  to implementing policies, any business with a significant risk exposure for data loss (i.e. medical practice, retailers, e commerce) should consider purchasing a cyber liability insurance policy.  These policies are now more afforadable and many insurers such as The Hartford are now actively underwriting polices to cover first and third party data loss claims and providing ongoing resources and information.  

The bottom line is, a business cannot afford to take the risk of ignoring data loss and security breach exposure.  Do not wait for the first breach or lawsuit. 

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I just read an excellent article posted on Law.com from the New York Law Journal on social networking and challenges to business owners and their legal counsel.  The authors Christopher Boehning and Daniel Toal focus on a new emerging problems associated with electronic discovery of social networking data.  The authors also point out many of the potential problems for employers and businesses related to social networking sites.

When Facebook started exploding in popularity, you could see that the future in communication was social networking.  Boehning and Toal cite to a New York Times articles that indicates the future is now upon us as more people spend time on social networking sites than e-mailing.  The authors correctly point out something I emphasize to all my business clients:  businesses need to have a policy on how to handle social networking sites like Facebook, MySpace, LinkedIn and Twitter.  The policy should cover the business' use of such sites and use by employees.  Policies on preservation of the data should also be included as social networking data is akin to the new email.

Lawsuits involving some aspect of social networking sites are increasing in frequency from across the country. Take for example the recent jury verdict in New Jersey against Hillstone Restaurant for violation of the Federal Stored Communications Act. 

In that case, the employers accessed an employee MySpace group that was dedicated to criticizing the employer.  Although the verdict amount was relatively small, the implications are far reaching.  This case was reported on by Charles Toutant in the New Jersey Law Journal.  The employees' trial brief is a good read and spells out some of the arguments in favor of employees' rights to privacy with social networking sites. 

The outcome in the New Jersey case may have been different if the restaurant had a policy addressing use and access to social networking sites.  Businesses will have different concerns when it comes to adopting a policy, and no policy will cover every situation.  However, the lack of any policy at all is likely to lead to problems and potential litigation.  The best way to avoid litigation is to implement a written policy on use and access to social networking sites.  

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